What Everybody Ought To Know About 3 M Diamond Lapping Film

Author:  |  Category: Website Design And Development

By Colin Yao

What are lapping films?

Lapping films are thin polyester films coated (resin bonded) with tightly graded abrasive particles such as aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, cerium oxide or diamond. The popular particle grades (particle size measured in diameter) are 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 12, 15, 20 and 30 microns. (One micron is about 1/50 of a human hair diameter)

The applications for lapping films range from polishing fiber optics, optical components, ceramic capacitors, computer hard drive read-write heads, ceramic seals, etc. The main characteristic of lapping films is that they produce very flat surfaces, especially across materials having a wide range in hardness.

What are lapping films used for?

Lapping films are used for lapping and polishing a substrate to achieve super-fine, highly consistent finishes. Their major applications include fiber optic connector polishing, magnetic heads, floppy disks, magnetic media, metals, plastics, oxide disks, etc.

Why are diamonds used in these lapping films?

Diamond is one of the hardest materials on earth. So diamond particles are used to polish some very hard materials such as ceramics, glass, carbide, composites, exotic alloys and other hard materials that aluminum oxide, silicon carbide or other abrasive materials can not handle.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3UOBAuXVGM[/youtube]

What kind of substrates can 3M diamond lapping film polish?

3M diamond lapping film can be used on ceramics such as zirconia (material used on fiber optic connector ferrules), glass, carbide, stone, exotic alloys, etc.

Are there alternative materials than diamonds?

Yes. Lapping films with other type of abrasive particles such as aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, cerium oxide are even more popular because of their low cost.

What are the advantages of using 3M diamond lapping films instead of cheaper aluminum oxide or other abrasive lapping films?

1. Long life

2. Produces superior surface finish

3. Reduces overall process time

4. Produces high yields

5. Consistent results throughout life of product

What forms are available of these lapping films?

3M diamond lapping films come in shape of sheets, discs and rolls. The maximum width is 12 inch. The most popular sizes used in fiber optic connector polishing include 4 inch disc, 5 inch disc and 6×6 inch sheet.

The 3M diamond lapping film color code for diamond grit size

Each lapping film manufacturers may use their own color code to distinguish between different particle sizes. For 3M diamond lapping films, the color code is as follows:

0.1 micron green, 0.5 micron white, 1.0 micron lavender, 1.5 micron light green, 3.0 micron pink, 6.0 micron brown, 9.0 micron blue, 15.0 micron orange, 20.0 micron burgundy, 30.0 micron green, 45.0 micron amber, 60.0 micron – amber

How do you store 3M diamond lapping films and what are their shelf lives?

Although the storage of lapping films usually do not require special condition, the recommended storage temperature is 10~32C, relative humidity if 30~70%. It is recommended that the product should be used within 2 years of purchase.

3M Diamond Lapping Film Discs are available for wet or dry (W/D) applications with Pressure Sensitive Adhesive (PSA) or Plain Back from 0.1 micron to 45 micron. Special size orders are also available.

3M Diamond Lapping Film Discs or Sheets have a longer life and are recommended for critical applications. Available in discs and sheets from 0.5 micron to 9 micron. Special size orders are also available.

About the Author: Colin Yao is the sales manager at

Fiber Optics For Sale Co.

and specializes in

3M Diamond Lapping Films

Source:

isnare.com

Permanent Link:

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Wikinews interviews USA wheelchair curler David Palmer

Author:  |  Category: Uncategorized

Monday, April 8, 2013

Wikinews interviewed David Palmer, a member of the USA 2013 World Wheelchair Curling Championship team, about the 2014 Winter Paralympics being held in Sochi, Russia.

((Wikinews)) The US qualified a team for the Sochi Games. How likely are you to be on the final team? As these games would be your first, how excited are you about the possibility of representing your country?

David Palmer: It is very likely that I and the team that went to Sochi in 2013 will be the team in the Paralympics 2014 as long as no sickness or injury and we all continue to perform at our level.
DP: I am very happy and honored to represent my country. After competing in the last two world championships which were very exciting, I can not wait for the chance to compete at the Paralympics.

((WN)) Were you happy with your team’s fourth place finish at this year’s World Championships?

DP: I was happy with the way the team played, we all thought we should have medaled. We finished third in the round-robin with a record of 7–2 and the closest behind us was 4–5. We all made a few mistakes and did not finish as well as we would have liked, but we are looking forward to next year.

((WN)) What steps is the team taking to try to get a gold medal in Sochi?

DP: We will be training harder and hopefully playing more bonspiels (tournaments). Because this is a Paralympic year we hope to get more funding, to travel for more high level bonspiels. Because the team is scattered across the country it is hard to get together for practice and bonspiels so we have to do the majority of it on our own. We will be reviewing the tapes from the worlds [World Wheelchair Curling Championship] and video conferencing with team and discussing strategy and performance.

((WN)) Why do you participate in wheelchair curling? Why not wheelchair fencing, tennis, basketball or athletics?

DP: I do participate in other sports at a recreational level. I have done waterskiing, monosking, wheelchair tennis and basketball, handcycling. I played and competed in sled hockey for about 12 years, but I found as I got older and the competition got younger it was pretty physical on the body. I went and tried curling at Cape Cod Curling Club in 2009, I found that I not only liked it but I was also pretty good at it. A member there (Tony Colacchio) took me under his wing and showed me the possibilities there were to compete at the National level. I thought he was crazy at first, but four years later here I am curling on team USA and traveling the world.

((WN)) What is the nature of your disability? Do you use a wheelchair for most daily activities?

DP: I am a T4 Paraplegic, due to a motorcycle accident in 1993. Yes I am dependent on my wheelchair for mobility.

((WN)) How does being a parent impact your ability to compete at elite levels?

DP: I am married and have three children. Having a family does make it a harder to compete at elite levels, not only being away traveling, when I am home I am on the ice training a lot. But thanks to the support from my family I have been able to do so. Hopefully it has a positive impact on my children, showing them you can achieve anything you put your mind to.

((WN)) Does participating in wheelchair curling cost a lot money?

DP: Well that depends! At a recreational level, if you have a wheelchair already all you need is a delivery stick which is about $60.00 and to join a club which has dues usually 300.00 to 500.00 per year. To compete at the highest level, there is travel and lodging involved which can get quite expensive.

((WN)) How do you afford to compete at the highest level? Do you have any sponsorship deals?

DP: Getting started was tough, I got help through the members of cape cod curling club and a grant from Challenged Athletes Foundation (CAF) and some out of my pocket. But once I made the National team there is funding to help with expenses. I have no sponsorship deals at the moment, but I am open to negotiation!

((WN)) Do you think USA Paralympic competitors get enough financial support to enable the country to compete at the highest level? Is funding equitable in the United States across sports and competitor visibility?

DP: No, there is funding, but not nearly enough for an athlete to compete at the highest level.
DP: Not from what I hear. I believe the higher viewed sports get a lot more funding. I have been told curling is at bottom for funding.

((WN)) What are your thoughts on the classification system and processes for your sport? Do you know of anyone who has been impacted as a result of it?

DP: I am not really clear on how the classification system works. I feel that they should make it as equal as possible for everyone who competes in wheelchair curling. Everyone one has different disabilities and different situations, but as long as they are delivering the stone from a stationary wheelchair with a delivery stick from the same position it should be equal.
DP: I know of a young man from state of Washington who uses a wheelchair most of the time but is able to walk and has mobility, that he probably would not qualify for the national team.. Yet I know of a man in Canada that uses a wheelchair only for curling and competes on the National team.

((WN)) Have you gotten much media coverage? What do you think of media coverage for curling in general and wheelchair curling specifically?

DP: I Have had some media coverage from my locals newspaper, when I was competing in the worlds and when I made the National team.
DP: I do not think there is enough coverage for curling on television although there was quite a bit of coverage at the last Olympics, but not the Paralympics. I think if there were more coverage people would understand the sport better and perhaps grow to love it like I have. There is a lot more to it with strategy and skill than people think.

((WN)) What has been your favorite moment as a wheelchair curling competitor?

DP: I think this past worlds in Sochi was my favorite time. Curling at the Olympic Venue (which was state of the art Facility), being the first one ever to curl there was special. Being there when they played our national anthem and I was representing my country was priceless! All of the volunteers there were young college students, they were so friendly and helpful and were asking us for our autographs. I felt like a celebrity. I cannot imagine what the Paralympics are going to feel like! I just hope I am there!
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Israeli PM Ariel Sharon to undergo more surgery

Author:  |  Category: Uncategorized

Sunday, January 15, 2006

Ariel Sharon, 77, is scheduled to undergo a tracheotomy today, which is expected to help wean him off a respirator, which is helping him to breathe, a hospital statement said.

A tracheotomy is a procedure where an incision in the windpipe is made to create a temporary or permanent opening. It will allow for the removal of the breathing tube now inserted in Sharon’s throat. Sharon suffered a major stroke on January 4, 2006. Last week, doctors said the plastic tube connecting his windpipe with the respirator would start to cause him damage if left in for too long.

Tracheotomies are routinely performed on stroke victims to reduce the risk of infection posed by intubation.

“The prime minister’s condition continues to remain critical but stable,” said a statement issued by Jerusalem’s Hadassah hospital where doctors have been trying, unsuccessfully, to wake Sharon from a medically induced coma. “This evening the prime minister will undergo a CT test after which he will undergo a tracheotomy. The surgery is aimed at helping to wean him off a respirator machine. It will be conducted in the operating room under general anaesthesia.”

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Israeli_PM_Ariel_Sharon_to_undergo_more_surgery&oldid=4207430”

Frequently Asked Questions About Health Insurance For Individuals

Author:  |  Category: Insurance

No denying that the cost of healthcare, which has been a basic need of our every life, is rising in the US like anything. Have a quick look to the facts which likely to be more than incredible, worrisome, and scary for anyone. Surgery of a broken leg tends to cost nearly $7,500 – $10,000 The cost of 3 days of hospital stay will cost you $30,000 Critical cancer care is likely to cost more than hundreds of thousands of dollars.To be precise, the largest part of Americans can hardly afford such huge expenses simply because illness or injury strikes us all of a sudden without giving us any prior intimation and can simply jeopardize our happy family life. Here comes the essentiality of having health insurance for individuals in Texas.How Does it work?Typically, the way health insurance works are that you buy a health insurance policy that requires you paying a certain amount of premium depending on the value of the policy you buy. Paying this minimum premium enables you to get through almost all kinds of costly healthcare services without spending anything or on a sharing basis as per the policy terms. If it feels you wondering that how do they bear those massive expenses against you minimal premium amount, this is reasonable to understand that compared to the number of sick people, the percent of healthy people is more. Thus, a large amount of premium collected from the enrollees can be utilized to support the small number of sick or injured people.Where Will You Receive Care?Establishments that offer health insurance for individuals in Texas are geared up with an extensive network of providers including recognized healthcare facilities, laboratories, pharmacies and obviously hundreds of thousands of physicians and specialist doctors. Insurance companies work together with a specific network of healthcare providers who agree to provide services to the members or enrollees in a budget-friendly way with the support of insurers. Thereby it is vital for you to ensure whether or not the hospital or physician is within the network. If the provider is not under the network, the insurance company may not entertain you for the service provided or likely to pay only a small portion of your expenses. So, naturally, under such circumstances, you have to pay much higher than having a service from someone who is under the network (get internet help to ensure).What Does the Healthcare Plan Cover?Subsequent to the standardization of healthcare plan benefits and with the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, these days health insurance for individuals in Texas are required to offer you ‘essential healthcare benefits’ without having a variation among plans. According to the standardization, you can now expect to enjoy services as stated below:• Emergency services• Hospitalization• Maternity and newborn care• Laboratory tests• Mental healthcare/ substance-abuse rehabilitation• Outpatient care service (this you can avail from physicians in their personal clinic, outside of a hospice.• Pediatric care included with dental and vision care• Preventive services (immunizations and management of critical diseases)• Prescription drugs• Rehabilitation servicesHow Much Will It Cost?In reality, understanding the coverage cost by the insurance company is a bit complex. In a nutshell, apart from paying an enrollment and yearly premium, you have to share some portion of the total expense as a payout of your pocket. Because all healthcare costs are paid according to the standard rule of deductibles, co-pays, and coinsurance. Finally, it is worth noting that as a thumb rule, the more premium you pay, the less you’ll have to pay out as and when you access healthcare services.

Interview with Innocent Watat, City Council candidate for Wards 3 & 4 in Brampton, Canada

Author:  |  Category: Uncategorized

Saturday, October 21, 2006

The upcoming 2006 Brampton municipal election, to be held November 13, features an array of candidates looking to represent their wards in city council or the council of the Peel Region.

Wikinews contributor Nick Moreau contacted many of the candidates, including Innocent Watat, asking them to answer common questions sent in an email. This ward’s incumbent is Bob Callahan; Balbir Babra, Manny Bianchi-Morfino, Dolly Khokhar, Maria Peart, Tim Turcott, and Sheila White.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Interview_with_Innocent_Watat,_City_Council_candidate_for_Wards_3_%26_4_in_Brampton,_Canada&oldid=438246”

Indiana teen softball player recovering after lighting strike

Author:  |  Category: Uncategorized

Saturday, March 17, 2012

A Seymour, Indiana high school freshman is recovering after a lighting strike Thursday during practice, with no storm in sight. The lightning strike hit Emily Bobb, and injured three of her teammates. Bobb was transported to Indianapolis Riley Hospital for Children, and the others were taken to a medical facility in Seymour.

Dr. Levi Nehrtt was working across the street at a nearby chiropractic and physical therapy clinic, when he saw the lighting strike Bobb. He immediately ran across the street and jumped the fence, and began CPR. EMT’s arrived within minutes and transported Bobb to the hospital.

On Friday Bobb was listed in good condition, from her initial critical condition. Her teammates were treated and released from the hospital.The National Weather Service warns that lighting strikes can happen with virtually no warning. According to the National Weather Service statistics lightning has claimed the lives of 90 persons in Indiana since 1959.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Indiana_teen_softball_player_recovering_after_lighting_strike&oldid=1445485”

Recyclable Grocery Bags For That Guilt Free Shopping Experience

Author:  |  Category: Manufacturing

Recyclable Grocery Bags for That Guilt-Free Shopping Experience

by

John James

In an era of micro-awareness, companies should take every opportunity to promote their brand without having to drive their operations into bankruptcy over spiraling marketing costs. Merchandise items like ballpens, keychains, coffee mugs or t-shirt bags carrying their logos are a very good option without necessarily spending so much money as a result.

Custom shopping bags

Nowadays, it s all about being environmentally friendly. Although paper bags are the ideal way to hold goods, they can be downright difficult because they don t handle the heavy load that well. But recyclable plastic bags are also a good alternative because they don t put too much of a strain on the environment even when thrown away afterwards. Recyclable plastic bags undergo a special process which allows them to break down in weeks when exposed to sunlight. Unlike, traditional bags which can go eons and still not disintegrate.

Of course,

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLGT1fb62Lc[/youtube]

custom shopping bags

give your company an aura of professionalism and elegance. Grocery bags are bound to be used over and over again for a variety of reasons. So your customers immediately become walking advertisements without you paying an extra buck. These plastic bags come in different forms and sizes like poly sacks, gusset plastic bags, printed t-shirt shopping bags, clear plastic, t-sacks and poly t-shirt bags.

Long-time partner

For grocery stores, it s important that they build relationships with plastic bag manufacturers with the aim of developing a long-term partnership. Aside from getting a good price through special and bulk orders, the grocery store owner will also have the inside track of any new innovation in the products offered. He will also get priority in case a bulk of orders comes in from another client but the grocery store has run out of grocery bags.

Also, the printing plates of the company s logo should only be paid once. This is the danger of jumping from one plastic manufacturer to another. You might pay for new printing plates when a perfectly good one is still available.

Some tips in choosing shopping bags

For one, shopping bags should not tear down easily. Look for micron medium heavy duty or X-heavy duty bags available which means you save money because there s no double bagging required to store even the heaviest of loads. In order to get value for money, bulk volume should command a good price. One way to cut cost is to talk to your retailers and vendors to advertise on the

grocery bags

under your own logo. In that way, you share the price of manufacturing each product. The plastic bags should be durable enough for your needs but also allow your clients a guilt-free shopping experience knowing that they won t contribute to the worsening environmental conditions by taking your custom shopping bags with them.

Find more information on

T-Shirt Bags

, Grocery Bags and

custom shopping bags

at our website. Please visit here www.ansplastics.com.

Article Source:

ArticleRich.com

WHO starts simultaneous immunization campaigns in over 100 countries

Author:  |  Category: Uncategorized

Sunday, April 25, 2010

The World Health Organization (WHO) yesterday began simultaneous immunization campaigns, in 112 countries and territories across its Americas, Eastern Mediterranean, and European regions. The unprecedented vaccination drive will last for a week.

This is the first time the World Health Organization has launched such an event across multiple regions at once. WHO officials say their goal is to expand immunization coverage and raise awareness of the importance of vaccines, and that such cross-border activities can prevent disease and save lives.

WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein says that many countries are working to eliminate measles, adding that says countries in the European region are very concerned that they have stalled in their goal of eliminating measles and rubella this year.

“In European countries, in many of them, immunization coverage is below the 95 percent recommended level. And, there have been ongoing measles outbreaks in some of these countries. Measles cases have also been imported to the US and Canada and the Americas from European countries,” said Epstein.

The agency says an important goal of the immunization campaigns is to reach those who have been excluded up to now. It notes that every year, in the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 25 percent of deaths among children under age five are attributed to vaccine preventable diseases. 2.1 million children in the Middle East hadn’t received a shot against tetanus, whooping cough, or diphteria in 2009, according to the WHO.

In the Americas, WHO says special regional events are being held in border areas of Nicaragua, between Suriname and French Guiana, and between Haiti and the Dominican Republic. It says many young children, pregnant women, elderly and indigenous peoples live in isolated areas where vaccine coverage is low.

In all three regions, Epstein said the vaccination campaigns will be accompanied by health information campaigns.

“The biggest obstacle to reaching our goals of vaccination are lack of awareness, lack of information and people being ignorant that they should be vaccinated, and thus not having enough vaccinators, money, trucks, bicycles, etc. to get to these remote regions,” he said.

WHO also began a large polio immunization campaign across sixteen countries in central and West Africa on Saturday. It says 78 million children under five will be vaccinated to stop a major outbreak of the disease.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=WHO_starts_simultaneous_immunization_campaigns_in_over_100_countries&oldid=4583631”

Microsoft announces plan to acquire GitHub for US$7.5 billion

Author:  |  Category: Uncategorized

Wednesday, June 6, 2018

On Monday, United States technology giant Microsoft announced their plans to acquire GitHub, a San Francisco, California-based web-based hosting service for software version control using Git, for 7.5 billion US Dollars (USD).

In the official announcement at the Microsoft News web site, the company said they are to reach agreement with GitHub by the end of the year. They said the agreement would allow them to deliver Microsoft development services to GitHub users, and “accelerate enterprise use of GitHub”. GitHub had been financially struggling recently and is expected to get a new CEO.

In 2016, according to financial news and media company Bloomberg L.P., through three quarters GitHub lost USD 66 million, while in nine months of that year GitHub had revenue of USD 98 million. In August 2017 GitHub said they were seeking a new CEO. According to the announcements by GitHub and Microsoft, the Microsoft Corporate Vice President Nat Friedman would become the new CEO of GitHub. He had created app creation platform company Xamarin and was “an open-source veteran”, Microsoft said.

GitHub confirmed the acquisition plans on its blog. In this announcement they alluded to concerns about past friction between Microsoft and open-source software, however they said “things are different. […] Microsoft is the most active organization on GitHub in the world”, mentioning VS Code as an example. In the announcement, GitHub also referred to its several years of collaboration with Microsoft on Git LFS and Electron. GitHub also mentioned the Azure development platform run by Microsoft.

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International participants showcase different industry cultures at 2008 Taipei Game Show

Author:  |  Category: Uncategorized

Friday, January 25, 2008

B2B Trade Area of Taipei Game Show, criticized by trade buyers last year, but accompanied with 2008 Taiwan Digital Content Forum, moved to the second floor at Taipei World Trade Center for world-wide participants with a better exchange atmosphere this year.

Not only local OBMs (Softstar Entertainment, Soft-World International Corp., International Games System Corp., …, etc.) but also companies from New Zealand, Canada, Japan, Hong Kong, and South Korea showcased different specialists with multiple styles. Especially on South Korea, participated members from G? Trade Show (Game Show & Trade, All-Round, aka Gstar) showcased gaming industry of South Korea and the G? upcoming at this November with brochures.

In the 2-days Digital Content Forum, world-class experts not only shared industry experiences, members from Taiwan Gaming Industry Association also discussed and forecasted marketing models for gaming industry. With participations from governmental, industrial, and academical executives world-wide, this forum helps them gained precious experiences of digital content industry from several countries.

According to the Taipei Computer Association, the show and forum organizer, the digital content industry in Taiwan was apparently grown up recent years as Minister of Economic Affairs of the Republic of China Steve Ruey-long Chen said at Opening Ceremony yesterday. Without R&Ds from cyber-gaming, and basic conceptions from policies and copyright issues, this (digital content) industry will be fallen down in Taiwan. If this industry wanted to be grown up in sustainability, gaming OBMs in Taiwan should independently produce different and unique games and change market style to market brands and games to the world.

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